Biomarkers in assessing the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques: a narrative review

Aim. To study the role of biomarkers in assessing vulnerability atherosclerotic plaques. Material and methods. A review literature sources investigating biomarker assessment plaques published for period 01.01.2016 to 31.12.2022 was carried out. Literature search out English Russian PubMed databases, Google Academy, Elibrary.ru according following keywords: “biomarkers plaque vulnerability”, “NLR vulnerable plaque”, “CRP ”MMP-9 “TIMP-1 ”galectin-3 “NGAL plaque”. total 183 articles were found, which 42 full-text format containing original clinical studies selected preparation this review. Results. Numerous have shown that rupture plaque, rather than its size severity stenosis, are main cause cardiovascular events patients with coronary heart disease. Small rich lipids often become unstable due an inflammatory reaction supported by interaction between lipoproteins, monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes vascular wall cells. NLR, CRP, NGAL, Galectin-3, as well markers extracellular matrix degradation (MMP-9, TIMP-1) can play a special Conclusion. The development acute syndrome is based on destabilization occurs not only changes lipid composition, but also infiltration immuno-inflammatory cells, matrix, active neovascularization plaque. Therefore, traditional imaging methods characterize appearance enough predict risk thrombotic event. Thus, there need identify new would correlate instability atheroma.